Lived Experiences of Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy: A Social and Cultural Perspective on the Journey to Adulthood

Abstract

Background: The transition to adulthood is a critical developmental stage. Adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) in Bangladesh face unique challenges influenced by stigma, mobility limitations and limited access to therapy and rehabilitation services. Although many gradually gain independence in self-care and education, their experiences are shaped by cultural expectations, social attitudes and environmental barriers. Research in this area remains limited in low-resource settings like Bangladesh. Understanding their lived experiences is essential for strengthening support systems and promoting inclusion. Aim: This study aims to explore and understand the lived experiences of adolescents with cerebral palsy in Bangladesh as they transition into adulthood, with a particular focus on the social and cultural challenges they experience during this process. Methods: A qualitative phenomenological design was used. Purposive sampling selected adolescents diagnosed with CP. Data were collected through face-to-face, in depth, semi-structured interviews guided by the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO). Thematic analysis was conducted following Braun and Clarke’s six-step approach. Results: Findings revealed both progress and ongoing challenges. Participants reported increased confidence and independence in academic and daily living activities. However, they experienced pain, stigma, mobility restrictions and limited therapy access. Family support, especially from mothers, played a vital role in promoting emotional resilience and independence. Despite barriers, adolescents expressed determination and hope for the future. Conclusion: The transition to adulthood for adolescents with CP in Bangladesh is shaped by interconnected physical, social, emotional and cultural factors. Strengthening family support, inclusive education and access to rehabilitation services is essential to enhance independence and quality of life. Keywords: Cerebral palsy, Adolescents, Transition to adulthood, Lived experiences.