Abstract:
Background: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common
neurodevelopmental condition can restrict children’s participation in everyday
activities. It is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, impacting
school, home, neighborhood and community and also social functioning.
Aims: This study aimed to assess the level of participation in home, school, and
community activities among children and adolescents with ADHD, and to find out their
sociodemographic characteristics and the associated factors with participation.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 73 participants. Data were
collected using a structured socio-demographic questionnaire and the Child and
Adolescent Scale of Participation (CASP).
Results: The sample consisted of mostly male (83.6%), and within the age 5-7 years
group (52.1%), a mean age of 8.05 years. The majority of the participants resided in
urban areas (75.3%), and they were regularly attending school (91.8%). The limitation
of participation was experienced in each of the CASP areas. Participation at home was
largely restricted (43.8%) or very restricted (38.4%) with 84.9% form of very limited
participation being the most severe. There was also limited school participation. In
general, the participation was hardly evident in the case of most participants (64.4%).
Home participation had significant associations with the family type (P = 0.025),
community participation with the family size (P= 0.049), school participation with the
number of the ADHD medications (P = 0.012), and home/community living activities.
Conclusion: Study findings highlight the need for participation-oriented interventions
that address environmental supports, family, school and community inclusion strategies
to improve meaningful engagement and promote participation in daily life.
Keywords: ADHD, CASP, Participation (Home, School & Community), ICF
Description:
This dissertation is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Occupational therapy, Bangladesh Health Professions Institute, Faculty of Medicine, the University of Dhaka, Bangladesh.
