Activity Limitations among Individuals with Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Cross Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders (UEMSDs) are common conditions that reduce functional ability and limit participation in daily life activities. Worldwide, upper-extremity musculoskeletal disorders affect 1.6%-53% of populations, while in Bangladesh musculoskeletal conditions are reported in 24.8%, frequently impairing upper-extremity function and limiting daily activities. Understanding the sociodemographic characteristics and the levels of activity limitation among affected individuals is essential for improving rehabilitation planning and service delivery in Bangladesh. Aim: This study aimed to identify the level of activity limitations in individuals with upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders. Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted with 112 participants diagnosed with upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders at the Centre for the Rehabilitation of the Paralysed (CRP). Data was collected through face-to-face surveys using a self-developed structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Inferential statistics and regression analyses were performed using SPSS version 20 to explore associations between sociodemographic variables and activity limitation. Results: The mean age of participants was 47 years and most were female (72.3%). Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (26.5%) was the most common diagnosis followed by Trigger Finger (14.4%) and Tennis Elbow (12.6%). Pain was the most frequently reported symptom (97.3%). In terms of activity limitation, 52.7% of participants reported minimal difficulty, while 40.2% experienced moderate difficulty. Only 6.3% reported severe difficulty, and 0.9% were unable to perform activities. Gender (p = .018), age group (p = .016) and area of residence (p = .015) showed significant associations with activity limitation. Regression results revealed that participants aged over 60 years and those living in semi-urban or rural areas had significantly different levels of activity compared to reference groups. Conclusion: The study highlights that activity limitation is highly prevalent among individuals with UEMSDs and several sociodemographic factors influence functional performance. These findings emphasize the importance of early detection, ergonomic education, and rehabilitation strategies to enhance daily functioning and quality of life for affected individuals. Keywords: Upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders, activity limitation, sociodemographic characteristics.