Perception of individual with low back pain towards prognosis: an exploratory qualitative study

Abstract

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common health issues worldwide, leading to significant disability, emotional distress, and economic burden. While much research has focused on the clinical aspects of LBP, there is limited exploration of how individuals perceive their prognosis, which plays a critical role in their recovery process. Objectives: The purpose of the study is to explore the perceptions of prognosis of individuals with LBP; how they define prognosis; their perception of how prognosis impacts the course of their recovery. Methodology: An exploratory qualitative approach was adopted. Ten participants diagnosed with LBP were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed using thematic analysis to identify recurring themes in participants' narratives. Results: The study revealed that participants' perceptions of prognosis were influenced by their personal experiences with pain and their functional limitations. A positive prognosis was linked to pain relief and the return to daily functional activities, while a negative prognosis was associated with persistent pain and limited mobility. Furthermore, participants emphasized the importance of clear communication with healthcare providers, as it shaped their expectations and recovery journey. Discussion: The findings suggest that prognosis, as understood by patients, plays a significant role in their approach to rehabilitation and recovery. Patients who perceived their prognosis in a positive light were more likely to engage in therapy and adopt proactive coping strategies. Conversely, those with negative prognostic perceptions showed reluctance to engage in physical activities and rehabilitation. The study highlights the need for personalized, clear communication between healthcare providers and patients to enhance recovery outcomes. Keywords: Low back pain, prognosis, patient perception, beliefs. Word count: 11,943