Bechelor of Science in Occupational Therapy

Level of Suicidal Tendency and Associated Factors among Patients with Mental Illness- A Cross Sectional Study

2026-08-18T05:36:10Z

Level of Suicidal Tendency and Associated Factors among Patients with Mental Illness- A Cross Sectional Study Shimul, Mehedi Hasan Background: Suicide is a major public health concern worldwide and is closely related to mental illness. In Bangladesh, suicidal thoughts and attempts are common among people with psychiatric disorders. However, limited research evidence is available regarding the level of suicidal tendency and associated behavioral and situational factors among patients with mental illness. Identifying these factors is necessary to reduce suicidal risk and improve mental health services. Aim: To determine the level of suicidal tendency and identify the associated behavioral and situational factors among patients with mental illness. Methods: This was a quantitative cross-sectional study conducted among 130 patients with mental illness. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a socio demographic and the Suicide Intent Scale (SIS). Data were analyzed in SPSS (version 20) using descriptive statistics. The Chi-square test was used to examine associations between suicidal tendency and related factors, and Fisher’s exact test was used when the expected cell count was less than 5. Ordinal logistic regression was used to identify the independent factors associated with suicidal tendency. Results: The mean age of the participants was 24.24 ± 8.72 years. The majority were female (62.3%), unmarried (54.6%), and belonged to the middle-income group (96.9%). Schizophrenia was the most common diagnosis (36.2%), followed by bipolar I disorder (15.4%) and bipolar affective disorder (13.1%). The median Suicide Intent Scale (SIS) score was 13.5 (range: 4-25). Most participants were categorized as having medium suicidal risk (66.9%), followed by low risk (20.8%) and high risk (12.3%). Among behavioral factors, history of substance use was significantly associated with suicidal tendency (P = 0.013). In ordinal logistic regression analysis, history of substance use remained an independent predictor of higher suicidal risk (B = 1.954, P = 0.010; 95% CI: 0.473–3.435). Among situational factors, monthly family income was significantly associated with suicidal tendency in regression analysis (B = –2.258, P = 0.030; 95% CI: –4.298 to –0.219), indicating that participants from non-middle income groups were more likely to have higher suicidal risk. Other behavioral and situational variables were not statistically significant. Conclusion: This study shows that most patients with mental illness had a moderate level of suicidal tendency. History of substance use was an important associated factor. These findings show that regular suicide risk screening and checking substance use history can help to prevent suicide among patients with mental illness. Keywords: Suicide intent scale, Suicidal tendency, Mental illness, Substance use, Risk factors, Bangladesh. This dissertation is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Occupational therapy, Bangladesh Health Professions Institute, Faculty of Medicine, the University of Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Level of Participation and Its Associated Factors among Children & Adolescent with Spinal Cord Injury: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study

2026-08-18T05:26:34Z

Level of Participation and Its Associated Factors among Children & Adolescent with Spinal Cord Injury: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study Shahriyar, Farhan Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a life-altering condition that significantly affects physical functioning, psychosocial well-being, and participation in everyday life. Children and adolescents with SCI often experience substantial challenges in engaging in home, school, and community activities due to injury-related impairments, environmental barriers, and social factors such as bullying and limited accessibility. Understanding participation levels and the factors influencing participation among this population is essential for guiding effective rehabilitation and community reintegration strategies, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like Bangladesh, where evidence remains limited. Aim: To assess the level of participation and it’s associated factors among children and adolescents with spinal cord injury living in the community. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted among 53 children and adolescents with spinal cord injury whose age was 5-17 years and completed inpatient rehabilitation from CRP, and were living in the community. Standardised questionnaires (CASP & CASE) were used to collect data on the level of participation across home, school, neighborhood & community, & it’s associated factors. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 20 version for descriptive and inferential analysis, including Mann–Whitney U tests and linear regression. Participants were selected using convenience sampling. Results: The mean age of participants was 13.68 ± 3.49 years, with the majority being male (60.4%) and residing in rural areas (60.4%). Participation was most limited in school, community, and home & community living activities, while home participation showed relatively better outcomes. A high proportion of participants reported significant environmental problems (60.4%) and experiences of bullying (58.5%). Children with paraplegia demonstrated significantly higher overall participation compared to those with tetraplegia (P < 0.05). Involvement in institution-based programs and absence of school dropout were significantly associated with higher participation across multiple domains (P < 0.05). Linear regression analysis revealed that paraplegia, participation in institutional programs, and continued school engagement were significant predictors of higher participation, whereas lack of institutional involvement was associated with greater environmental barriers. Conclusion: The findings indicate that children and adolescents with SCI in Bangladesh experience considerable participation restrictions, particularly in school and community settings, largely influenced by injury severity, school dropout, institutional involvement, and environmental barriers. Comprehensive, participation-focused rehabilitation approaches that integrate physical, educational, psychosocial, and environmental interventions are essential to enhance community inclusion and quality of life for this population. Keywords: Participation, Children and Adolescents, Spinal Cord Injury, Environmental Barriers, This dissertation is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Occupational therapy, Bangladesh Health Professions Institute, Faculty of Medicine, the University of Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Level of Social Support System for Individuals with Substance Abuse: A Cross-Sectional Study

2026-08-18T05:18:46Z

Level of Social Support System for Individuals with Substance Abuse: A Cross-Sectional Study Alam, Ashraful Background: Substance use disorders (SUDs) are a significant global population health concern that leads to significant physical, psychological, and social effects. People having SUDs commonly experience stigma and discrimination that is both a barrier to recovery and compliance with treatment. Despite the possibility of enhancing rehabilitation and well-being through social support, stigma is a significant source of reintegration barriers. In Bangladesh, not much research has been done on the relationship between social support and stigma in individuals with SUDs. Aim: To find out level of social support system for individuals with substance abuse. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was done, on a sample of 180 people with substance abuse in Bangladesh by using a face-to-face survey in form of questionnaire on socio-demographic survey, MSPSS scale, and the SU-SMS scale. The information was gathered among participants who are admitted in Mental health hospital and Addiction center. The SPSS version 27 was used in the statistical analysis in the context of evaluating the relationships between perceived social support and stigma and other demographic variables. Results: The study included individuals with substance abuse, with an average age of 28.24 ± 3 years. The perceived social support, most of the participants reported low levels of social support (89.4%), 10% reported medium support, and only 0.6% reported high support. Concerning stigma, high enacted stigma was 86.6 percent, high anticipated stigma was 81.67 percent and high internalized stigma was 8.4 percent. Perceived social support was significantly related to family income (p = 0.011), age at first use (p = 0.050), receipt of counselling (p = 0.001) and frequency of counselling (p = 0.005). Enacted stigma showed significant correlations with occupation (p=0.005), marital status (p=0.010), family relations (p=0.002), duration of drugs' use (p=0.003), level of support (p=0.001), counseling (p=0.028), impact on health of drugs (p=0.001), and willingness to quit drug use (p=0.001). Anticipated stigma was significantly associated with occupation p = 0.023, family relationships p = 0.037, family income p = 0.002, duration of drug use p = 0.003, level of support p = 0.001, drug impact on health p = 0.001 and willingness to quit drugs p = 0.001. Internalized stigma showed significant associations with family relationship (p=0.037); and drug duration (p=0.009), impact on health caused by the drugs (p=0.001), and willingness to quit drug (p=0.001). There was a negative relationship between perceived social support and stigma, meaning that participants with lower social support experienced higher levels of stigma. Conclusion: Stigma and limited social support remain significant challenges for individuals with substance use disorders in Bangladesh. The relationship between perceived social support and stigma highlights the need for integrated psychosocial interventions that strengthen family and community support while addressing stigma within rehabilitation services. These findings may assist policymakers and healthcare professionals in developing supportive, stigma-reducing strategies to improve recovery and social reintegration. Keywords: Substance abuse, Social support, MSPSS, Stigma, Rehabilitation, Counseling service This dissertation is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Occupational therapy, Bangladesh Health Professions Institute, Faculty of Medicine, the University of Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Evaluation of Daily Life Participation and Depression among Person with Spinal Cord Injury after Rehabilitation: A Cross-Sectional Study

2026-08-18T05:03:26Z

Evaluation of Daily Life Participation and Depression among Person with Spinal Cord Injury after Rehabilitation: A Cross-Sectional Study Haqae, Anamul Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a life-altering condition that can lead to long-term physical limitation and reduce person’s ability to participate in daily life activities. Participation in daily life is a key indicator of successful community reintegration after rehabilitation. Many persons with SCI still experience participation restrictions and psychological problems within community setting after completing rehabilitation. Aim: To evaluate the level of daily life participation and severity of depression among person with SCI after rehabilitation and to find out the relationship between participation and depression. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 126 community-dwelling persons with SCI who had completed rehabilitation. Data were collected using a socio-demographic questionnaire, The Utrecht Scale for Evaluation of Rehabilitation–Participation (USER-P) to assess participation frequency, restrictions, satisfaction and the Bangla version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) to measure depression severity. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed to examine associations and correlations. Results: Among 126 participants, 78.6% were male and the mean age 38.9 ± 12.06 years. Total family income before injury <16000 BDT was 15.9% and after injury it is 53.2%. Incomplete SCI was reported 74.6% and 69.0% were wheelchair dependent. Level of participation analysis showed that lower participation frequency 87.3%, higher participation restrictions 54.0% and 61.9% had higher satisfaction with participation. Regarding depression severity 43.7% had minimal depression while 27.0% mild, 18.3% moderate, 7.1% moderately severe and 4.0% severe depression. Statistical analysis showed significant differences in severity of depression across participation frequency (p=0.002), participation restrictions (p=0.001) and participation satisfaction (p=0.001). Severity of depression showed a negative correlation with participation frequency and participation restriction (r = -.505, p < 0.001; r = -.538, p < 0.001). Gender was significantly associated with participation frequency & satisfaction (p=0.001). Family income after injury was significantly associated with severity of depression (p=0.005) and mobility status significantly associated with participation restriction (p<0.001). Conclusion: Participation limitations and depression are common among persons with SCI after rehabilitation. Lower participation is significantly associated with greater depression severity. Improving rehabilitation follow-up, accessibility and reducing environmental barriers may enhance daily life participation. Public awareness, family support and inclusive policies may improve daily life participation and quality of life for persons with SCI. Keywords: Spinal Cord Injury, After Rehabilitation, Participation, Depression. This dissertation is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Occupational therapy, Bangladesh Health Professions Institute, Faculty of Medicine, the University of Dhaka, Bangladesh.